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1 China's metal industry, wire drawing machine with the status quo
China's metal industry were subordinate to the metallurgy, light industry, petroleum, coal, chemicals, forestry, fisheries and other departments. Since reform and opening, with the rapid development of the national economy, the metal products industry in equipment, technology level, product quality, production and varieties, etc., has made significant progress in present, more than 600 enterprises of metal products, production capacity more than 300 tons / year; which can produce medium and high carbon steel wire, steel wire companies have more than l 50; metal species about 80. Most products can basically meet the domestic demand, but in the variety and quality of products not yet fully meet the needs of market and economic development; the world's industrialized countries, in technology, wire drawing machines equipment, product quality, variety so many ways, still a large gap.
metal backbone enterprise in China, most of the fifties and sixties put into operation, in equipment, technology level, production capacity, product quality, etc., are far behind in industrialized countries; although in the late 1970s and early 1980s, some companies introduced various types of high-speed wire drawing machine, stranding, into a rope machine, all kinds of products, production lines, but industry-wide standard wire machine equipment still behind. According to statistics, China's current level of drawing machines and equipment: The equipment is about the level of the eighties I. 15% of the 1960s to the seventies, about 30% the level of equipment, forty to the fifties about 55-60% the level of equipment. Many manufacturers still common pulley wire drawing machine wire drawing machine-based, which greatly limits the quality of products, higher production and increased varieties; into the eighties, the product manufacturers to improve product quality, production increase product variety, from the developed countries have introduced various types of wire drawing machines, more than a total of i00 (group), we can say that all the world's only advanced and more advanced drawing machine, I have been to China; make our drawing machine formed mainly old-fashioned pulley wire drawing machine, both two-reel type, Straight, live sets, tuning roller linear, modular, and the coexistence of a variety of tanks pull machine status.
2 features a variety of continuous drawing machine
2.1 pulley Drawing Machine
It is an integrable non-slip dry line continuous wire drawing machine; in the drawing process, in the roll circumferential direction along the wire and roll surface of the drum circle direction without sliding, both relatively small amount of surface wear, and the middle of a roll when the temporary parking, behind the drum can still rely on their respective product lines the amount of work as usual for some time. The model has a simple structure, operation, easy maintenance, low cost manufacturing, while a certain product line coefficient, simple volume on the wire to stay in longer conducive to the wire to cool. But more than wire-guided round, not only increased the number of wire bending, and roll the product, put the line in the drawing process so that along the wire axis have reversed themselves, seriously affecting the intrinsic quality of the wire and surface quality.
Pulley Wire Drawing Machine This feature determines the drawing of the model is only suitable for medium and small size, relatively low quality and strength requirements of steel and other metals wire.
2.2 雙 roll-drawing machine
as pulley wire drawing machine in the wire drawing process will have to reverse the phenomenon, and thus to a pulley-type drawing machine, based on the development of a dual-roll wire-drawing machine. The models have the advantage of drawing machine pulley, and remove the wire drawing process in the reverse phenomenon, the cooling wire on the roll better.
double roll-drawing machine wire drawing machine with the same pulley, idler pulley more, especially in the upper and lower intermediate roll over the line between the guide wheel, the wire through it produced 180. Bending, it is not suitable for drawing large-size high-strength steel wire; machine pulley-type operation as convenient, but on the next roll of friction between wheel and other parts of Central and wire a large moment of inertia, limiting the drawing speed improvement. The aircraft is owned by the pulley-type drawing machine drawing machine to a higher level of development of transition models for drawing, the small size wire.
2.3 looper Drawing Machine
In order to further improve the quality and wire drawing speed, the development of a live set of wire-drawing machine, it is also a non-slip wire drawing machine; it simplifies the roll between the wire by the route, in the process of wire drawing no axial torsion, and because the use of a DC motor drag, can achieve a greater range of variable speed, roller expanded the scope of the choice between elongation, drawing function in the most reasonable working condition running. And live sets in the drawing process for each reel have had a rally or anti-tension. In the live sets and live sets of anti-pull tension of pulling, the pulling force can reduce, extend die life and drawing the kinetic energy consumption to reduce live-drawing machine is set to automatic speed continuous wire drawing machines, from In theory, the compression ratio of the wire and machine tolerance limits of force and energy parameters within the process as long as the total compression ratio greater than or equal to the total compression rate of the machine, with a model for any kind of process can automatically adjust the machine to complete pull-out process. So looper wire drawing machine is a more advanced drawing machine for drawing small and medium-size high-strength steel and alloy steel wire.
looper wire drawing machine is due to the shortcomings of DC drag, hybrid electric drive system, the machine's high manufacturing costs, maintenance difficult varieties of different specifications of steel wire drawing need to be adjusted when the looper tension; technical operation of the machine and therefore require a higher level. In addition to the guide wheel over the line models are more complex than threading, bending the wire more times, not drawing large-size wire and excellent materials.
2.4 straight wire-drawing machine
pulley, double roller type, and insert sets of wire-drawing machine because there are more than wire-guided round, not drawing large-size wire and excellent material; to address this problem, the development of a straight wire-drawing machine. Wire wound on the previous roll after a few laps, go directly to the next drawing die and wound on the next roll, the middle line is not over by any guide wheel, steel wire between two linear-shaped roll. It uses the same style with live sets the DC drag, roll through the middle of the speed to automatically adjust the machine and the wire extension coefficient of the actual extension coefficient fit, which is automatically adjusted to achieve the machine's normal operating point j is equal to process compression compression machine rate.
the threading model has the advantage of a simple, no wires to reverse the process of drawing and small radius of curvature. The disadvantage is not pulling its smaller size wire, wire in a short time to stay on the roll, the cooling effect is poor; drawing machine and other small scope.
2.5 Yi transfer roller linear drawing machine
This is a combination of live sets, two kinds of wire drawing machine straight into the merits of newer models, it has both the looper-free reverse, speed range large, high-speed drawing, Ling has good effect, etc., but also has a simple straight line type wire, threading can be drawn to facilitate large-size wire and so on. A roll of wire in various non-small radius bending phenomenon, the intrinsic quality of wire and surface quality can be given a greater degree of improvement; the middle lane because there is no guide wheel, the mechanical structure is more simplified a lot of live sets, a more advanced drawing machine for drawing high strength, large size of the round and shaped wire: it's large investment, the DC drive system complexity, maintenance is difficult, these factors, it brings a certain amount of promotion difficult.
2.6 water tank drawing machine
District water tank wire drawing machine wire drawing machine 4 in the previous five distinctive feature is the wire drawing process with the simple volume between the different levels of relative sliding (finished roll exceptions), and wire work, roll, drawing die are immersed in the coolant or the spray, so called water tank wire drawing machine.
it has the advantage of playing tight structure, small footprint, high-intensive drawing, wire drawing process without the reverse phenomenon for high-speed drawing; for drawing process is carried out in the coolant, the cooling and lubrication of wire in good condition, quality guaranteed.
The disadvantage is that in the drawing process, the wire and roll surface exists between the park along the roll direction of relative sliding week, the friction and the roll of the cooling lubricating fluid stirred a great deal of power consumption not only reduces the efficiency of the machine. and make serious roll surface wear; structural limitations as the machine itself, in the process of drawing the wire bend radius smaller, with threading, etc. reason, determines that it is more suitable for a variety of fine drawn wire specifications.
3 Conclusion
domestic metal products industry, the overall level of technology and equipment level, compared with the industrialized countries there is still a large gap in the host drawing machines, auxiliary equipment, lubrication technology , wire production, Dies quality is still relatively backward; the face of China's metal industry, the actual situation, the simple pursuit of advanced large-scale, high-speed wire drawing machine is not practical. nor desirable; For the designer and manufacturer of wire drawing machine manufacturers, the work should focus on the design, manufacture reliable operation, easy maintenance, high productivity drawing machine.
current international design and manufacture of wire drawing machine has two main guiding principles; one based in Italy, Germany, Sweden and other European industrial countries as the representative and advocate to a large drawing machine , high-speed live sets, linear direction; another is represented in Japan, advocates drawing machine with high speed, combined with advanced auxiliary equipment to the combined drawing machine direction.
European countries with advanced mechanical, electrical, industrial system as the basis, first drawing die and roll cooling system and lubrication technology breakthrough, so that the wire drawing speed and quality greatly improved, and its main wire drawing machine is live sets, linear, and the water tank drawing machine. However, the specific situation in China is operating workers with low skills, drawing lubricant of E, the quality of wire and so can not meet the requirements of high-speed drawing, especially the DC system quality and reliability of electrical components to make products manufacturers are operating to maintain greater difficulties. Under current conditions, I think my drawing machine metal industry should pursue the development of such a high level of advanced drawing machine. Although its merits were well known, but the domestic assistance, support level, make this type of drawing machine in the actual production of less than machine performance, resulting in wasted investment, recovery time is too long.
Japan in the design and manufacture of wire drawing machines, compared with European countries, the gap slightly, but in the auxiliary equipment, electrical control systems to simplify and has done tremendous work; its guidance Thought is the first drawing machine should be operating, maintenance is simple, convenient and efficient to use advanced drawing auxiliary equipment to improve production efficiency. It first breakthrough AC variable speed, electrical system so that drawing becomes relatively simple, reliable operation and maintenance are more convenient; Another characteristic is that it advocated the use of combined drawing machine, wire in the premise of quality assurance, minimize investment in equipment. To re-wire in the 5.5 market as raw materials typical process for the fall, the specific approach is: use qb600 or qb560 open pulley-type drawing machine as a bad machine arranged in the forefront of combined drawing machine, intermediate configuration qb400 pulley wire-drawing machine, finished times before a double roll-drawing machine, the purpose is to not stop unloading line to prepare and make steel in the mold into the finished product to reduce the number of reversed, and the finished roll and straight-line wire drawing machine, straightening body together with two-way basically eliminate and wire drawing passes in front torsion effect produced; final configuration of a large spool-up machine, or other continuous unloading line machine, in order to improve the efficiency of drawing lines.
combined drawing machine takes advantage of the advantages of various types of wire drawing machine, steel quality has greatly improved, and you can use AC variable speed way to make such a combination drawing machine with live sets as linear drawing style or the same machine, the machine has a large range of compression ratio adjustment, adaptability to various process routes.
In summary, I believe that my drawing machine in the future will be based on the characteristics of different metal products to the following direction.
(1) for large size, low relaxation prestressed steel wire, steel hinge line, large format high strength and toughness of steel wire rope for mining and production of large-size shaped wire , linear tuning roller drawing machine will be widely used. Such as 700,750,900-type drawing machine. Although this drawing machine investment, require a higher level of operation and maintenance, but in order to more substantially improve the quality of large-size wire and yield, the model can not be replaced with other drawing machine advantages in this type of metal the production of products play an increasingly important role.
(2) For products accounted for the largest proportion of the ordinary, the small-size wire, especially on the 65 market weight in 55 steel wire as raw material production, Japanese type of combined drawing machine in the room long resistance, the production of such products occupy the leading position of drawing machine.
7O years since the Japanese successfully applied AC frequency control system after drawing machine equipment, the technology products, equipment applications has been rapid development in Western Europe national products, equipment manufacturers have also adopted this technology; such as KOCH has tuned roll in a straight line wire drawing machine and the application of this technology have been successful. There are also a set of wire-drawing machine in live applications on the example of the success of this technology.
DC drag to the original tuning is linear roller drawing machine wire drawing machine and looper switching variable frequency drive system can greatly simplify the drawing machine electronic control system that operation, easy to maintain.
the pulley wire drawing machine technology is also important, it can have a wider wheel-drawing machine, a stronger ability to adapt, but also to maximize wire drawing process to reduce the number of torsion, which make up the pulley-type drawing machine some of the shortcomings and improve the steel quality.
domestic AC Frequency Control System has not been made because of the key components, resulting in higher system price. But this is only temporary, AC Frequency Control System vitality is that it can greatly reduce the complexity of the electrical system and manufacturing costs. With the industrial development of China's electrical system components and the localization process, which in our drawing machine will be more widely used.
(3) small size for a variety of steel production, water tank wire drawing machine will further upgrading, with two-way capacity of 21/250 high-speed drawing water tank drawing machine will occupy dominant position, Ruyi's TB4 and Germany KOCH one 21/250 and other typical models. Also the manufacturers of products through the exploration, summary, large-sized water tank wire drawing machine, such as 9 / 450, 9 / 550 and other models and pulleys - a combination water tank wire drawing machine in the future development, will gradually increase in the water tank wire drawing machine ratio.
Based on the above analysis, taking into account a variety of drawing machine in the proportion of actual production, I think we are drawing machine design now is to develop the 550 Series combinations wire-drawing machine and the use of frequency control of wire drawing machine technology to replace currently used by most ordinary home Metal pulley wire-drawing machine, making China's metal industry, the level of equipment and product quality to catch up with international advanced level . |
